University Calculus: Early Transcendentals (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321999584
ISBN 13: 978-0-32199-958-0

Chapter 4 - Section 4.2 - The Mean Value Theorem - Exercises - Page 223: 18

Answer

Proof of statement is given below. A generalization of the statement would be: If $f^{(n)}$ is continuous on $[a,b]$, and $f$ has $n+1$ zeros in $[a,b]$, then $f^{(n)}$ has at least one zero in $[a,b]$.

Work Step by Step

Let $z_{1}, z_{2},z_{3}$ be zeros of $f(x)$ in $[a,b]$, ordered from least to greatest. f is differentiable $\Rightarrow$ f is continuous, so we can apply Rolle's Theorem on $f(x)$ over $[z_{1},z_{2}]$ ( because $f$ is continuous on $[z_1,z_2]$, differentiable on $(z_1,z_2)$ and $f(z_{1})=f(z_{2})=0$) There exists a value $c_{1}\in(z_{1},z_{2})$ such that $f'(c_{1})=0$ Applying Rolle's Theorem on $f(x)$ over $[z_{2},z_{3}]$ There exists a value $c_{2}\in(z_{2},z_{3})$ such that $f'(c_{2})=0$ Now we apply Rolle's Theorem on $f'(x)$ over $[c_{1},c_{2}]$: there exists a $c\in(c_{1},c_{2})$ such that $f''(c)=0$ which proves the statement. A generalization of the statement would be: If $f^{(n)}$ is continuous on $[a,b]$, and $f$ has $n+1$ zeros in $[a,b]$, then $f^{(n)}$ has at least one zero in $[a,b]$.
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