Calculus with Applications (10th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321749006
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-900-0

Chapter 5 - Graphs and the Derivative - 5.2 Relative Extrema - 5.2 Exercises - Page 272: 36

Answer

$$ y=a x^{2}+b x+c $$ The vertex of this parabola is $$ (\frac{-b}{2a} ,\frac{4 a c-b^{2}}{4 a}). $$

Work Step by Step

$$ y=a x^{2}+b x+c $$ To find the vertex of this parabola. First, we find $y^{\prime}(x) $, $$ \begin{aligned} y^{\prime}(x) &=2 a x+b\\ \end{aligned} $$ To find the critical numbers, we first find any values of $x$ that make $y^{\prime} =0 $. Now, solve the equation $y^{\prime} =0 $ to get $$ \begin{aligned} y^{\prime}(x) =2 a x+b &=0\\ \Rightarrow\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\\ 2 a x &=-b\\ \Rightarrow\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\\ x & =\frac{-b}{2a} \\ \end{aligned} $$ The only critical number is : $x =\frac{-b}{2a} .$ When $x=\frac{-b}{2a} $ $$ \begin{aligned} y &=a x^{2}+b x+c \\ &= a\left(\frac{-b}{2 a}\right)^{2}+b\left(\frac{-b}{2 a}\right)+c \\ &=\frac{a b^{2}}{4 a^{2}}-\frac{b^{2}}{2 a}+c \\ &=\frac{b^{2}}{4 a}-\frac{2 b^{2}}{4 a}+\frac{4 a c}{4 a} \\ &=\frac{4 a c-b^{2}}{4 a} \end{aligned} $$ So, the vertex of this parabola is $(\frac{-b}{2a} ,\frac{4 a c-b^{2}}{4 a})$.
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