Calculus with Applications (10th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321749006
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-900-0

Chapter 8 - Further Techniques and Applications of Integration - 8.4 Improper Integrals - 8.4 Exercises - Page 452: 24

Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & \int_2^\infty {\frac{1}{{x{{\left( {\ln x} \right)}^2}}}} dx \cr & {\text{by the definition of an improper integral}}{\text{}} \cr & \int_2^\infty {\frac{1}{{x{{\left( {\ln x} \right)}^2}}}} dx = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{b \to \infty } \int_2^b {\frac{1}{{x{{\left( {\ln x} \right)}^2}}}} dx \cr & \cr & {\text{integrating }}\int {\frac{1}{{x{{\left( {\ln x} \right)}^2}}}} dx \cr & {\text{set }}u = \ln x{\text{ then }}\frac{{du}}{{dx}} = \frac{1}{x},\,\,\,\,xdu = dx \cr & \int {\frac{1}{{x{{\left( {\ln x} \right)}^2}}}} dx = \int {\frac{1}{{x{u^2}}}} \left( {xdu} \right) = \int {\frac{1}{{{u^2}}}} du \cr & = - \frac{1}{u} + C \cr & {\text{replace }}u = \ln x \cr & = - \frac{1}{{\ln x}} + C \cr & {\text{then}} \cr & \mathop {\lim }\limits_{b \to \infty } \int_2^b {\frac{1}{{x{{\left( {\ln x} \right)}^2}}}} dx = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{b \to \infty } \left( { - \frac{1}{{\ln x}}} \right)_2^b \cr & = - \mathop {\lim }\limits_{b \to \infty } \left( {\frac{1}{{\ln x}}} \right)_2^b \cr & {\text{evaluating the limit when }}b \to \infty \cr & = - \left( {\frac{1}{{\ln \infty }} - \frac{1}{2}} \right) \cr & = - \left( {0 - \frac{1}{2}} \right) \cr & = \frac{1}{2} \cr} $$
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