Calculus with Applications (10th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321749006
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-900-0

Chapter 8 - Further Techniques and Applications of Integration - 8.4 Improper Integrals - 8.4 Exercises - Page 452: 10

Answer

$$ - \frac{1}{{18}}$$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & \int_{ - \infty }^{ - 1} {{{\left( {x - 2} \right)}^{ - 3}}} dx \cr & {\text{by the definition of an improper integral}}{\text{,}} \cr & \int_{ - \infty }^{ - 1} {{{\left( {x - 2} \right)}^{ - 3}}} dx = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{a \to - \infty } \int_a^{ - 1} {{{\left( {x - 2} \right)}^{ - 3}}} dx \cr & {\text{integrating by using the power rule}} \cr & = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{a \to - \infty } \left[ {\frac{{{{\left( {x - 2} \right)}^{ - 2}}}}{{ - 2}}} \right]_a^{ - 1} \cr & = - \frac{1}{2}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{a \to - \infty } \left[ {\frac{1}{{{{\left( {x - 2} \right)}^2}}}} \right]_a^{ - 1} \cr & {\text{property of integrals}} \cr & = \frac{1}{2}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{a \to - \infty } \left[ {\frac{1}{{{{\left( {x - 2} \right)}^2}}}} \right]_{ - 1}^a \cr & {\text{evaluate}} \cr & = \frac{1}{2}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{a \to - \infty } \left[ {\frac{1}{{{{\left( {a - 2} \right)}^2}}} - \frac{1}{{{{\left( { - 1 - 2} \right)}^2}}}} \right] \cr & = \frac{1}{2}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{a \to - \infty } \left[ {\frac{1}{{{{\left( {a - 2} \right)}^2}}} - \frac{1}{9}} \right] \cr & {\text{evaluating the limit when }}a \to - \infty \cr & = \frac{1}{2}\left( {\frac{1}{{{{\left( { - \infty - 2} \right)}^2}}} - \frac{1}{9}} \right) \cr & = \frac{1}{2}\left( { - \frac{1}{9}} \right) \cr & = - \frac{1}{{18}} \cr} $$
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