Calculus with Applications (10th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321749006
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-900-0

Chapter 8 - Further Techniques and Applications of Integration - 8.4 Improper Integrals - 8.4 Exercises - Page 452: 22

Answer

$${\text{The integral is divergent}}$$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & \int_1^\infty {\frac{{4x + 6}}{{{x^2} + 3x}}} dx \cr & {\text{by the definition of an improper integral}}{\text{}} \cr & \int_1^\infty {\frac{{4x + 6}}{{{x^2} + 3x}}} dx = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{b \to \infty } \int_1^b {\frac{{4x + 6}}{{{x^2} + 3x}}} dx \cr & \cr & {\text{integrating }}\int {\frac{{4x + 6}}{{{x^2} + 3x}}} dx \cr & {\text{set }}u = {x^2} + 3x{\text{ then }}\frac{{du}}{{dx}} = 2x + 3,\,\,\,\,\frac{{du}}{{2x + 3}} = dx \cr & \int {\frac{{4x + 6}}{{{x^2} + 3x}}} dx = \int {\frac{{2\left( {2x + 3} \right)}}{u}} dx\left( {\frac{{du}}{{2x + 3}}} \right) = 2\int {\frac{{du}}{u}} \cr & = 2\ln \left| u \right| + C \cr & {\text{replace }}u = {x^2} + 3x \cr & = 2\ln \left| {{x^2} + 3x} \right| + C \cr & {\text{then}} \cr & \mathop {\lim }\limits_{b \to \infty } \int_1^b {\frac{{4x + 6}}{{{x^2} + 3x}}} dx = 2\mathop {\lim }\limits_{b \to \infty } \left( {\ln \left| {{x^2} + 3x} \right|} \right)_1^b \cr & = 2\mathop {\lim }\limits_{a \to - \infty } \left( {\ln \left| {{b^2} + 3b} \right| - \ln \left| {{1^2} + 3\left( 1 \right)} \right|} \right) \cr & = 2\mathop {\lim }\limits_{a \to - \infty } \left( {\ln \left| {{b^2} + 3b} \right| - \ln 4} \right) \cr & {\text{evaluating the limit when }}b \to \infty \cr & = 2\left( {\ln \left| \infty \right| - \ln 4} \right) \cr & = \infty \cr & then \cr & {\text{The integral is divergent}} \cr} $$
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