Precalculus: Mathematics for Calculus, 7th Edition

Published by Brooks Cole
ISBN 10: 1305071751
ISBN 13: 978-1-30507-175-9

Chapter 8 - Section 8.3 - Polar Form of Complex Numbers; De Moivre's Theorem - 8.3 Exercises - Page 610: 42

Answer

$z=2\displaystyle \sqrt{5}(\cos\frac{4\pi}{3}+i\sin\frac{4\pi}{3})$

Work Step by Step

See p. 604, A complex number $z=a+bi$ has the polar (or trigonometric) form $z=r(\cos\theta+i\sin\theta)$ where $r=|z|=\sqrt{a^{2}+b^{2}}$ and $\tan\theta=b/a$. The number $r$ is the modulus of $z$, and $\theta$ is an argument of $z$. ------- $z=-\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{15}i$ $r=|z|=\sqrt{(-\sqrt{5})^{2}+(-\sqrt{15})^{2}}=\sqrt{20}=2\sqrt{5}$ $\tan\theta =\displaystyle \frac{-\sqrt{15}}{-\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{3}$ In Q.I, $\displaystyle \tan\frac{\pi}{3} =\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}$ By symmetry (on the unit circle), $\theta$ can also be $\displaystyle \frac{4\pi}{3}$ (Q.III). z lies in Q.III, so we select the appropriate argument: $z=2\displaystyle \sqrt{5}(\cos\frac{4\pi}{3}+i\sin\frac{4\pi}{3})$
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