Precalculus: Concepts Through Functions, A Unit Circle Approach to Trigonometry (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32193-104-1
ISBN 13: 978-0-32193-104-7

Chapter 8 - Polar Coordinates; Vectors - Section 8.6 Vectors in Space - 8.6 Assess Your Understanding - Page 646: 54

Answer

The angle between the two vectors $v$ and $w$ is $ \theta =\cos^{-1} \dfrac{3}{3 \sqrt {14}}=74.5^{\circ}$ and $v \cdot w=3$.

Work Step by Step

Let us consider two vectors $v=pi+qj+rk$ and $w=xi+yj+zk$. If $\theta$ is the angle between the two vectors, then we have: $ \cos \theta =\dfrac{v \cdot w}{|v||w|}$ In our case: $v \cdot w = (2i+2j-k) \cdot (i+2j+3k)=2+4-3=3$ $ \cos \theta =\dfrac{3}{3 \sqrt {14}}$ or, $ \theta =\cos^{-1} \dfrac{3}{3 \sqrt {14}}$ Therefore, the angle between the two vectors $v$ and $w$ is $ \theta =\cos^{-1} \dfrac{3}{3 \sqrt {14}}=74.5^{\circ}$ and $v \cdot w=3$.
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