Chemistry 12th Edition

Published by McGraw-Hill Education
ISBN 10: 0078021510
ISBN 13: 978-0-07802-151-0

Chapter 18 - Electrochemistry - Questions & Problems - Page 850: 18.12

Answer

2.46 V $Al(s)+3Ag^{+}\rightarrow Al^{3+}+3Ag(s)$

Work Step by Step

From the standard reduction potentials in table 18.1, we write $E^{\circ}_{Al^{3+}/Al}=-1.66\,V$ $E^{\circ}_{Ag^{+}/Ag}=0.80\,V$ $E^{\circ}_{Ag^{+}/Ag}$ is greater than $E^{\circ}_{Al^{3+}/Al}$ and so greater is the tendency to be reduced. Therefore, the reaction at the cathode (reduction) is: $3Ag^{+}+3e^{-}\rightarrow 3Ag(s)$ The reaction at the anode (oxidation) is: $Al(s)\rightarrow Al^{3+}+3e^{-}$ The overall reaction is: $Al(s)+3Ag^{+}\rightarrow Al^{3+}+3Ag(s)$ (We multiplied the reduction of $Ag^{+}$ by 3 to balance the overall equation. $E^{\circ}$ is not affected by this procedure.) $E^{\circ}_{cell}=E^{\circ}_{cathode}-E^{\circ}_{anode}=0.80\,V-(-1.66\,V)=2.46\,V$
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