Precalculus: Mathematics for Calculus, 7th Edition

Published by Brooks Cole
ISBN 10: 1305071751
ISBN 13: 978-1-30507-175-9

Chapter 3 - Section 3.5 - Complex Zeros and the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra - 3.5 Exercises - Page 293: 12

Answer

$(a)\quad $Zeros: $\pm i $ , $\pm\sqrt{2}$ $(b)\quad P(x)=(x-\sqrt{2})(x+\sqrt{2})(x+i)(x-i)$

Work Step by Step

Complete Factorization Theorem (p.287) $P$ factors into $n$ linear factors : $P(x)=a(x-c_{1})(x-c_{2})\cdots(x-c_{n})$ where $a$ is the leading coefficient of $P$ and $c_{1}, c_{1}, \ldots, c_{n}$ are the zeros of $P$. ----- $(a)$ Temporarily substituting $t=x^{2},$ $x^{4}-x^{2}-2=0$ $t^{2}-t-2=0\quad $... factors of -2 that add up to -1 are -2 and +1 $(t-2)(t+1)=0\quad$... bring back x $(x^{2}-2)(x^{2}+1)=0$ Either $x^{2}-2=0\quad\Rightarrow\quad x=\pm\sqrt{2}$ or $x^{2}+1=0\quad\Rightarrow\quad x=\pm i$ $(b)$ The leading coefficient of P is $a=1$, so, by the above theorem, $P(x)=(x-\sqrt{2})(x+\sqrt{2})(x+i)(x-i)$
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