Precalculus: Mathematics for Calculus, 7th Edition

Published by Brooks Cole
ISBN 10: 1305071751
ISBN 13: 978-1-30507-175-9

Chapter 1 - Section 1.9 - The Coordinate Plane; Graphs of Equations; Circles - 1.9 Exercises - Page 104: 104

Answer

The equation given represents a circle of center $\Big(-1,\dfrac{1}{6}\Big)$ and radius $\dfrac{\sqrt{37}}{6}$

Work Step by Step

$3x^{2}+3y^{2}+6x-y=0$ Take out common factor $3$ from the left side of the equation: $3\Big(x^{2}+y^{2}+2x-\dfrac{1}{3}y\Big)=0$ Take $3$ to divide the right side: $x^{2}+y^{2}+2x-\dfrac{1}{3}y=\dfrac{0}{3}$ $x^{2}+y^{2}+2x-\dfrac{1}{3}y=0$ Group the terms with $x$ together and the terms with $y$ together: $(x^{2}+2x)+\Big(y^{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}y\Big)=0$ Complete the square for each group by adding $\Big(\dfrac{b}{2}\Big)^{2}$ inside both parentheses and on the right side of the equation. For the first parentheses, $b=2$ and for the second parentheses, $b=-\dfrac{1}{3}$: $\Big[x^{2}+2x+\Big(\dfrac{2}{2}\Big)^{2}\Big]+\Big[y^{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}y+\Big(-\dfrac{1}{3\cdot2}\Big)^{2}\Big]=0+\Big(\dfrac{2}{2}\Big)^{2}+\Big(-\dfrac{1}{3\cdot2}\Big)^{2}$ $(x^{2}+2x+1)+\Big(y^{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}y+\dfrac{1}{36}\Big)=0+1+\dfrac{1}{36}$ $(x^{2}+2x+1)+\Big(y^{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}y+\dfrac{1}{36}\Big)=\dfrac{37}{36}$ Factor the expressions inside the parentheses, which are perfect square trinomials: $(x+1)^{2}+\Big(y-\dfrac{1}{6}\Big)^{2}=\dfrac{37}{36}$ The expression obtained is the equation of a circle in $(x-h)^{2}+(y-k)^{2}=r^{2}$ form, where $\Big(-1,\dfrac{1}{6}\Big)$ is the center of the circle and $\dfrac{\sqrt{37}}{6}$ is its radius.
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