Precalculus: Mathematics for Calculus, 7th Edition

Published by Brooks Cole
ISBN 10: 1305071751
ISBN 13: 978-1-30507-175-9

Chapter 1 - Review - Exercises - Page 135: 103

Answer

$a)$ Yes, the equation represents a circle $b)$ Center: $(-1,3);$ radius: $1$

Work Step by Step

$x^{2}+y^{2}+2x-6y+9=0$ $a)$ Take $9$ to the right side: $x^{2}+y^{2}+2x-6y=-9$ Group the terms with $x$ together and the terms with $y$ together: $(x^{2}+2x)+(y^{2}-6y)=-9$ Complete the square for each group. To do so, add $\Big(\dfrac{b}{2}\Big)^{2}$ to both sides of the equation and do it for both groups. For the first group $b=2$ and for the second group, $b=-6$ $\Big[x^{2}+2x+\Big(\dfrac{2}{2}\Big)^{2}\Big]+\Big[y^{2}-6y+\Big(\dfrac{-6}{2}\Big)^{2}\Big]=-9+\Big(\dfrac{2}{2}\Big)^{2}+\Big(\dfrac{-6}{2}\Big)^{2}$ $(x^{2}+2x+1)+(y^{2}-6y+9)=-9+1+9$ $(x^{2}+2x+1)+(y^{2}-6y+9)=1$ Now, each group is a perfect square trinomial. Factor them both: $(x+1)^{2}+(y-3)^{2}=1$ Since it was possible to represent the original equation in the standard form of the equation of a circle, then it represents a circle. $b)$ The equation of a circle is $(x-h)^{2}+(y-k)^{2}=r^{2}$, where $(h,k)$ is the center of the circle and $r$ is its radius. Obtain the center and the radius from the equation found in part $a$ of this problem: $(x+1)^{2}+(y-3)^{2}=1$ Center: $(-1,3);$ radius: $1$
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