Thomas' Calculus 13th Edition

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32187-896-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32187-896-0

Chapter 8: Techniques of Integration - Practice Exercises - Page 519: 84

Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}{\sin ^{ - 1}}\left( {\frac{{{x^2} + 1}}{3}} \right) + C$$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & \int {\frac{{xdx}}{{\sqrt {8 - 2{x^2} - {x^4}} }}} \cr & {\text{Complete the square in the denominator}} \cr & 8 - 2{x^2} - {x^4} = 9 - 1 - 2{x^2} - {x^4} \cr & 8 - 2{x^2} - {x^4} = 9 - \left( {{x^4} + 2{x^2} + 1} \right) \cr & 8 - 2{x^2} - {x^4} = 9 - {\left( {{x^2} + 1} \right)^2} \cr & {\text{Then}}{\text{,}} \cr & \int {\frac{{xdx}}{{\sqrt {8 - 2{x^2} - {x^4}} }}} = \int {\frac{{xdx}}{{\sqrt {9 - {{\left( {{x^2} + 1} \right)}^2}} }}} \cr & {\text{Let }}u = {x^2} + 1,\,\,\,du = 2xdx \cr & \int {\frac{{xdx}}{{\sqrt {9 - {{\left( {{x^2} + 1} \right)}^2}} }}} = \int {\frac{{\left( {1/2} \right)du}}{{\sqrt {9 - {u^2}} }}} \cr & = \frac{1}{2}\int {\frac{{du}}{{\sqrt {{{\left( 3 \right)}^2} - {u^2}} }}} \cr & \cr & {\text{Integrating by tables, }}\int {\frac{{du}}{{\sqrt {{a^2} - {u^2}} }}} = {\sin ^{ - 1}}\left( {\frac{u}{a}} \right) + C \cr & \frac{1}{2}\int {\frac{{du}}{{\sqrt {{{\left( 3 \right)}^2} - {u^2}} }}} = \frac{1}{2}{\sin ^{ - 1}}\left( {\frac{u}{3}} \right) + C \cr & {\text{Write in terms of }}x{\text{; replace }}{x^2} + 1{\text{ for }}u \cr & = \frac{1}{2}{\sin ^{ - 1}}\left( {\frac{{{x^2} + 1}}{3}} \right) + C \cr} $$
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