Calculus: Early Transcendentals 8th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1285741552
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-155-0

Chapter 7 - Section 7.8 - Improper Integrals - 7.8 Exercises - Page 535: 44

Answer

$$ S=\left\{(x, y) | x \geqslant 0,0 \leqslant y \leqslant x e^{-x}\right\} $$ The shaded area is the region of interest. $$ \begin{split} \text { Area } & = \int_{0}^{\infty} x e^{-x} d x \\ & =1 \end{split} $$

Work Step by Step

$$ S=\left\{(x, y) | x \geqslant 0,0 \leqslant y \leqslant x e^{-x}\right\} $$ The shaded area is the region of interest. $$ \begin{aligned} \text { Area } &=\int_{0}^{\infty} x e^{-x} d x=\lim _{t \rightarrow \infty} \int_{0}^{t} x e^{-x} d x \\ &=\lim _{t \rightarrow \infty} \left[ -x e^{-x}+ \int_{0}^{t} e^{-x} d x\right] \\ & \quad\quad\quad\left[\text { use integration by parts with } u=x \text { and } d v=e^{-x} d x \right] \\ &=\lim _{t \rightarrow \infty}\left[-x e^{-x}-e^{-x}\right]_{0}^{t} \quad \\ &=\lim _{t \rightarrow \infty}\left[\left(-t e^{-t}-e^{-t}\right)-(-1)\right] \\ &=\lim _{t \rightarrow \infty}\left[\left( -\frac{t}{e^{t}} -e^{-t}\right)-(-1)\right] \\ & \quad\quad\quad\left[\text {The fraction part is } \frac{\infty}{\infty} \text { so we can use L'Hospital's } \right] \\ &=0 -0+1=1. \end{aligned} $$
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