Calculus: Early Transcendentals 8th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1285741552
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-155-0

Chapter 7 - Section 7.8 - Improper Integrals - 7.8 Exercises - Page 535: 33

Answer

$$ \int_{0}^{9} \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x-1}} d x $$ We note first that the given integral is improper because $ f(x)= \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x-1}}$ has the vertical asymptote $x=1 $. The infinite discontinuity occurs at the middle of the interval $ [0,9] $ at $x = 1$. The given improper integral is convergent and its value is $$ \int_{0}^{9} \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x-1}} d x = \frac{9}{2}. $$

Work Step by Step

$$ \int_{0}^{9} \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x-1}} d x $$ Observe that the given integral is improper because $ f(x)= \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x-1}}$ has the vertical asymptote $x=1 $. Since the infinite discontinuity occurs at the middle of the interval $ [0,9] $ at $x = 1$, we must use part (c) of Definition 3 with $ c=1$: $$ \int_{0}^{9} \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x-1}} d x=\int_{0}^{1}(x-1)^{-1 / 3} d x+\int_{1}^{9}(x-1)^{-1 / 3} d x \quad (1) $$ where $$ \begin{split} \int_{0}^{1}(x-1)^{-1 / 3} d x & = \lim _{t \rightarrow 1^{-}} \int_{0}^{t}(x-1)^{-1 / 3} d x \\ & =\lim _{t \rightarrow 1^{-}}\left[\frac{3}{2}(x-1)^{2 / 3}\right]_{0}^{t} \\ & =\lim _{t \rightarrow 1^{-}}\left[\frac{3}{2}(t-1)^{2 / 3}-\frac{3}{2}\right] \\ & =-\frac{3}{2} \end{split} \quad \quad\quad (2) $$ and $$ \begin{split} \int_{1}^{9}(x-1)^{-1 / 3} d x & = \lim _{t \rightarrow 1^{+}} \int_{t}^{9}(x-1)^{-1 / 3} d x \\ & =\lim _{t \rightarrow 1^{+}}\left[\frac{3}{2}(x-1)^{2 / 3}\right]_{t}^{9} \\ & =\lim _{t \rightarrow 1^{+}}\left[6-\frac{3}{2}(t-1)^{2 / 3}\right] \\ & =6 \end{split} \quad \quad\quad (3) $$ Substituting the integrals (2) and (3) into expression (1) , we obtain $$ \int_{0}^{9} \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x-1}} d x=-\frac{3}{2} +6 =\frac{9}{2}, $$ It follows that the integral $$ \int_{0}^{9} \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x-1}} d x $$ is convergent.
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