Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 42 - Nuclear Physics - Exercises and Problems - Page 1274: 28

Answer

${\bf 5.29} \;\rm MeV$

Work Step by Step

The alpha decay process for $^{239}\text{Pu}$ is $$ ^{239}\text{Pu} \rightarrow ^{235}\text{U} + ^{4}\text{He} $$ where $^{4}\text{He}$ is the alpha particle emitted during the decay. The energy released ($E$) during this decay is due to the difference in mass (mass defect) between the original $^{239}\text{Pu}$ nucleus and the combined mass of the products, $^{235}\text{U}$ and $^{4}\text{He}$. The formula for the energy released is: $$ E = \Delta mc^2\tag 1 $$ where $\Delta m$ is the mass difference. From appendix c; - Mass of $^{239}\text{Pu}=\rm 239.052157 \;u$ - Mass of $^{235}\text{U}=\rm 235.043924 \;u$ - Mass of $^{4}\text{He}=\rm4.002602 \;u$ Calculate the mass defect $\Delta m$: $$ \Delta m = \left( \text{Mass of }^{239}\text{Pu} \right) - \left( \text{Mass of }^{235}\text{U} + \text{Mass of }^{4}\text{He} \right) $$ \begin{align} \Delta m &= 239.052157 \, \text{u} - (235.043924 \, \text{u} + 4.002602 \, \text{u}) \\\\ \Delta m &=\bf 0.005631 \, \rm {u} \tag 2 \end{align} Plug into (1); $$ E =( 0.005631 )(1.67\times 10^{-27}) (3\times 10^8)^2=\bf 8.46339\times 10^{-13}\;\rm J $$ $$ E =\color{red}{\bf 5.29} \;\rm MeV $$
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