Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 42 - Nuclear Physics - Exercises and Problems - Page 1274: 26

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Work Step by Step

$$\color{blue}{\bf [a]}$$ The question asks for the isotopes with a mass number of 17, known as $ A = 17 $ isobars. From appendix c, the $ A = 17 $ isobars are: $\bullet$ $ ^{17}\text{N} $ (Nitrogen). $\bullet$ $ ^{17}\text{O} $ (Oxygen). $\bullet$ $ ^{17}\text{F} $ (Fluorine). $$\color{blue}{\bf [b]}$$ Of the three isobars, $\boxed{ ^{17}\text{O} }$ is stable. However, it is relatively rare in nature. Stability indicates that this isotope does not undergo radioactive decay under normal conditions. $$\color{blue}{\bf [c]}$$ For the remaining two isobars, $ ^{17}\text{N} $ and $ ^{17}\text{F} $, we identify the decay processes and their daughter products: $\bullet$ $ ^{17}\text{N} $ undergoes beta-minus decay. In beta-minus decay, a neutron in the nucleus converts into a proton, emitting an electron ($ e^- $) and an antineutrino ($ \bar{\nu} $). This process increases the atomic number by 1. Thus, the daughter nucleus is $\boxed{ ^{17}\text{O} }$ $\bullet$ $ ^{17}\text{F} $ undergoes electron capture. During electron capture, a proton in the nucleus captures an orbital electron, converting into a neutron and emitting a neutrino ($ \nu $). This process decreases the atomic number by 1. Thus, the daughter nucleus is $\boxed{ ^{17}\text{O} }$
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