Functions Modeling Change: A Preparation for Calculus, 5th Edition

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 1118583191
ISBN 13: 978-1-11858-319-7

Chapter 4 - Exponential Functions - 4.2 Comparing Exponential and Linear Functions - Exercises and Problems for Section 4.2 - Exercises and Problems - Page 155: 27

Answer

$f$ exponential $g$ neither linear, nor exponential $h$ exponential

Work Step by Step

For $f(x)$: A function is linear if the slope is a constant. $$\begin{aligned} &m= \frac{85.9-95.4}{5-0}=-1.9 \\ & m= \frac{77.3-85.9}{10-5}=-1.72\end{aligned}$$ The function is not linear. We check if ratios of consecutive values are constant to see if it is exponential: $$ \begin{aligned} \frac{85.9}{95.4}\approx 0.900\\ \frac{77.3}{85.9}\approx 0.900\\ \frac{69.6}{77.3}\approx 0.900\\ \frac{62.6}{69.6}\approx 0.900 \end{aligned} $$ Hence: the function $f$ is exponential. For $g(x)$: We check if $g$ is linear. $$\begin{aligned} &m= \frac{40.9-44.8}{5-0}=-0.78 \\ & m= \frac{36.8-40.9}{10-5}=-0.82\end{aligned}$$ The function is not linear. We check if the function $g$ is exponential: $$ \begin{aligned} \frac{40.9}{44.8}\approx 0.913\\ \frac{36.8}{40.9}\approx 0.900\\ \frac{32.5}{36.8}\approx 0.883 \end{aligned} $$ Hence: the function $g$ is not exponential. For $h(x)$: We check if $h$ is linear. $$\begin{aligned} &m= \frac{36.6-37.3}{5-0}=-0.14 \\ & m= \frac{35.9-36.6}{10-5}=-0.14\\ & m= \frac{35.2-35.9}{15-10}=-0.14 \frac{34.5-35.2}{20-15}=-0.14. \end{aligned}$$ The function is linear. We check if the function $h$ is exponential: $$ \begin{aligned} \frac{40.9}{44.8}\approx 0.913\\ \frac{36.8}{40.9}\approx 0.900\\ \frac{32.5}{36.8}\approx 0.883 \end{aligned} $$ Hence: the function $g$ is not exponential.
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