Calculus with Applications (10th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321749006
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-900-0

Chapter 3 - The Derivative - 3.4 Definition of the Derivative - 3.4 Exercises - Page 176: 27

Answer

$$ f(x)=-4 x^{2}+11 x $$ Now use the rules for limits to get $$ \begin{split} f^{\prime}(x) &=\lim\limits_{h \to 0} \frac{f(x +h)- f(x)}{h}\\ &=\lim\limits_{h \to 0}\frac{-4 (x +h)^{2}+11 (x +h)-(-4 x^{2}+11 x) }{h}\\ &=\lim\limits_{h \to 0}\frac{-8 x h-4 h^{2}+11 h}{h}\\ &=\lim\limits_{h \to 0}(-8 x -4 h+11)\\ &=-8 x +11. \end{split} $$ Use this result to find $$ f^{\prime}(2)=-8 (2) +11=-5, $$ $$ f^{\prime}(16)=-8 (16) +11=-117 $$ and $$ f^{\prime}(-3)=-8 (-3) +11=35 $$

Work Step by Step

$$ f(x)=-4 x^{2}+11 x $$ Go through the four steps to find $f^{\prime}(x)$ Step 1 Find $f(x+h)$ by replacing $x$ with $x +h$ $$ f(x +h)=-4 (x +h)^{2}+11 (x +h) $$ Step 2 $$ f(x +h) f(x)=-4 (x +h)^{2}+11 (x +h)-(-4 x^{2}+11 x) $$ Step 3 $$ \frac{f(x +h)- f(x)}{h}= \frac{-4 (x +h)^{2}+11 (x +h)-(-4 x^{2}+11 x) }{h} $$ Step 4 Now use the rules for limits to get $$ \begin{split} f^{\prime}(x) &=\lim\limits_{h \to 0} \frac{f(x +h)- f(x)}{h}\\ &=\lim\limits_{h \to 0}\frac{-4 (x +h)^{2}+11 (x +h)-(-4 x^{2}+11 x) }{h}\\ &=\lim\limits_{h \to 0}\frac{-8 x h-4 h^{2}+11 h}{h}\\ &=\lim\limits_{h \to 0}(-8 x -4 h+11)\\ &=-8 x +11. \end{split} $$ Use this result to find $$ f^{\prime}(2)=-8 (2) +11=-5, $$ $$ f^{\prime}(16)=-8 (16) +11=-117 $$ and $$ f^{\prime}(-3)=-8 (-3) +11=35. $$
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