Calculus with Applications (10th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321749006
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-900-0

Chapter 3 - The Derivative - 3.4 Definition of the Derivative - 3.4 Exercises - Page 176: 13

Answer

$$f'\left( x \right) = - 8x + 9,\,\,\,\,f'\left( { - 2} \right) = 25,\,\,\,\,f'\left( 0 \right) = 9,{\text{ and }}f'\left( 3 \right) = - 15$$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & f\left( x \right) = - 4{x^2} + 9x + 2 \cr & {\text{Using the definition of the derivative}}: \cr & {\text{Find }}f\left( {x + h} \right) \cr & f\left( {x + h} \right) = - 4{\left( {x + h} \right)^2} + 9\left( {x + h} \right) + 2 \cr & f\left( {x + h} \right) = - 4\left( {{x^2} + 2xh + {h^2}} \right) + 9\left( {x + h} \right) + 2 \cr & f\left( {x + h} \right) = - 4{x^2} - 8xh - 4{h^2} + 9x + 9h + 2 \cr & {\text{Find and simplify }}f\left( {x + h} \right) - f\left( x \right) \cr & f\left( {x + h} \right) - f\left( x \right) = - 4{x^2} - 8xh - 4{h^2} + 9x + 9h + 2 - \left( { - 4{x^2} + 9x + 2} \right) \cr & f\left( {x + h} \right) - f\left( x \right) = - 4{x^2} - 8xh - 4{h^2} + 9x + 9h + 2 + 4{x^2} - 9x - 2 \cr & f\left( {x + h} \right) - f\left( x \right) = - 8xh - 4{h^2} + 9h \cr & {\text{Divide by }}h{\text{ to get }}\frac{{f\left( {x + h} \right) - f\left( x \right)}}{h} \cr & \frac{{f\left( {x + h} \right) - f\left( x \right)}}{h} = \frac{{ - 8xh - 4{h^2} + 9h}}{h} \cr & \frac{{f\left( {x + h} \right) - f\left( x \right)}}{h} = - 8x - 4h + 9 \cr & {\text{Let }}h \to 0 \cr & f'\left( x \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{h \to 0} \frac{{f\left( {x + h} \right) - f\left( x \right)}}{h} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{h \to 0} \left( { - 8x - 4h + 9} \right) \cr & {\text{Then}}{\text{,}} \cr & f'\left( x \right) = - 8x - 4\left( 0 \right) + 9 \cr & f'\left( x \right) = - 8x + 9 \cr & \cr & {\text{Find }}f'\left( { - 2} \right),f'\left( 0 \right){\text{ and }}f'\left( 3 \right) \cr & f'\left( { - 2} \right) = - 8\left( { - 2} \right) + 9 = 25 \cr & f'\left( 0 \right) = - 8\left( 0 \right) + 9 = 9 \cr & f'\left( 3 \right) = - 8\left( 3 \right) + 9 = - 15 \cr} $$
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