Calculus 8th Edition

Published by Cengage
ISBN 10: 1285740629
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-062-1

Chapter 9 - Differential Equations - 9.3 Separable Equations - 9.3 Exercises - Page 645: 21

Answer

$y=Ke^{x}-x-1,K \in \mathbb R $

Work Step by Step

$$y'=x+y, u=x+y$$ $\to$ $$y'=u$$ Using the implicit differentiating it follows: $$u=x+y \to u'=1+y'$$ $$u'=1+u$$ $$\frac{du}{dx}=1+u$$ $$\frac{du}{1+u}=dx$$ $$\int \frac{du}{1+u}=\int dx$$ $$\ln(|1+u|)=x+c$$ $$|1+u|=e^{x+c}$$ $$1+u=e^{x+c}~~\text{or}~~-(1+u)=e^{x+c}$$ $$1+u=e^{x+c}~~\text{or}~~-1-u=e^{x+c}$$ $$u=e^{x+c}-1~~\text{or}~~u=-e^{x+c}-1$$ Since $u=x+y \to e^{x+c}-1=x+y \to y=-x+e^{x+c}-1 $ Since $u=x+y \to -e^{x+c}-1=x+y \to y=-x-e^{x+c}-1 $ Therefore, the solution is: $$y=e^ce^{x}-x-1,~~c \in \mathbb R $$ $\text{or}$ $$y=-e^ce^{x}-x-1,~~c \in \mathbb R $$ so $y=Ke^x-x-1,K\in\mathbb{R}$
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