Answer
$2x^2(x+3)(x^2-3x+9)$
Work Step by Step
The formula for factoring the sum of two cubes is: $A^3+B^3=(A+B)(A^2-AB+B^2)$.
The formula for factoring the difference of two cubes is: $A^3-B^3=(A-B)(A^2+AB+B^2)$.
Hence here: $2x^5+54x^2=\\=2x^2(x^3+27)\\=2x^2(x^3+3^3)\\=2x^2(x+3)(x^2-3x+9)$