Fundamentals of Physics Extended (10th Edition)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 1-11823-072-8
ISBN 13: 978-1-11823-072-5

Chapter 14 - Fluids - Problems - Page 412: 80b

Answer

$3$

Work Step by Step

If an object of mass m floats in a liquid, the downward pull of gravity has to be balanced by the upward buoyant force Thus, $mg=\rho_{liquid}gV_{sub} $ In the first liquid, which is water, it floats fully submerged: $V_{sub}=V_{block}$ Therefore, $mg=\rho_{w}gV_{block}................(1)$ In liquid B, the block floats with height $2h/3$ above the liquid surface. Therefore, the height of the block which is submerged is $(h-2h/3)=h/3$ Now, $mg=\rho_{A}gV_{sub}$ Using eq. $(1)$, we obtain or, $\rho_{w}gV_{block}=\rho_{A}gV_{sub}$ or, $\frac{\rho_{A}}{\rho_{w}}=\frac{V_{block}}{V_{sub}}$ or, $\frac{\rho_{A}}{\rho_{w}}=\frac{hA}{\frac{h}{3}A}$ or, $\frac{\rho_{A}}{\rho_{w}}=3$ Therefore, the relative density of B is $3$.
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