Fundamentals of Physics Extended (10th Edition)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 1-11823-072-8
ISBN 13: 978-1-11823-072-5

Chapter 14 - Fluids - Problems - Page 411: 68b

Answer

$R=6.12\,\mathrm{m^3/s}$

Work Step by Step

Using Bernoulli's equation: \begin{align*} p_1+{1\over 2}\rho v_1^2&=p_2+{1\over 2}\rho v_2^2\\ p_2-p_1&={1\over 2}\rho v_1^2-{1\over 2}\rho v_2^2\\ p_2-p_1&=\left({1\over 2}\rho v_2^2A_2^2\right)A_1^2-{1\over 2}\rho v_2^2 \end{align*} In the last step above we have used the continuity equation $A_1v_1=A_2v_2$. Observe that the equation obtained is the equation of a straight line in the form $y=mx+c$, with the y-intercept $c=-{1\over 2}\rho v_2^2$. From the graph, we can clearly see that $c=-300\,\mathrm{kN/m^2}$. Hence, ${1\over 2}\rho v_2^2=300000\implies v_2^2={600000\over 1000}=600 \implies v_2=\sqrt{600}=24.49\, \mathrm{m/s}$. We can find the rate of flow using the equation of continuity: \begin{align*} R&=A_2v_2\\ &=0.25\times 24.49\\ &=6.12\,\mathrm{m^3/s} \end{align*}
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