Thomas' Calculus 13th Edition

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32187-896-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32187-896-0

Chapter 4: Applications of Derivatives - Section 4.2 - The Mean Value Theorem - Exercises 4.2 - Page 199: 62

Answer

See explanations.

Work Step by Step

Step 1. Assume the function $f(x)$ satisfies the conditions required by the Mean Value Theorem; we have point $c$ in the interval of $(a, b)$ such that $f'(c)=\frac{f(b)-f(a)}{b-a}$ Step 2. First prove $f(-1)\lt f(1)$, as $f'(x)\gt0$, the function increases as $x$ increases; thus we have $f(1)\gt f(-1)$ Step 3. To prove that $f(1)\lt 2+f(-1)$, rewrite the inequality as $f(1)-f(-1)\lt 2$. From step 1, let $a=-1, b=1$; we have $f'(c)=\frac{f(1)-f(-1)}{1+1}$ which gives $f(1)-f(-1)=2f'(c)$. As the condition $f'(x)\lt 1/2$ is true for $x=c$, we have $f(1)-f(-1)=2f'(c)\lt 1\lt 2$ Step 4. Combining the above results, we have $f(-1)\lt f(1)\lt 2+f(-1)$
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