Thomas' Calculus 13th Edition

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32187-896-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32187-896-0

Chapter 2: Limits and Continuity - Section 2.4 - One-Sided Limits - Exercises 2.4 - Page 75: 24

Answer

$\dfrac{1}{3}$

Work Step by Step

We know $$\lim\limits_{\theta \to 0} \dfrac{\mathrm{sin}\left(\theta \right)}{\theta }=1.$$ Thus for any nonzero real number $a$, it follows that $$\underset{\theta \to 0}{\lim}\dfrac{\mathrm{sin}\left(a\theta \right)}{a\theta }=1.$$ We will use this fact to compute the limit below. So to see that this is true, we let $x=a\theta.$ Then since $x \to 0$ as $\theta \to 0$, we have $$\underset{\theta \to 0}{\lim}\dfrac{\mathrm{sin}\left(a\theta \right)}{a\theta }=\underset{x\to 0}{\lim}\dfrac{\mathrm{sin}\left(x\right)}{x}=1.$$ Now, we want to find $\underset{h\to 0^{-}}{\lim}\frac{h}{\mathrm{sin}\left(3h\right)}$ . Note that $$\frac{h}{\mathrm{sin}\left(3h\right)}=\frac{3h}{3\mathrm{sin}\left(3h\right)}=\frac{1}{\left(\frac{3\mathrm{sin}\left(3h\right)}{3h}\right)}.$$ Thus $$\underset{h\to {0}^{-}}{\lim}\frac{h}{\mathrm{sin}\left(3h\right)}=\underset{h\to {0}^{-}}{\lim}\frac{1}{\left(\frac{3\mathrm{sin}\left(3h\right)}{3h}\right)}\\ =\frac{1}{3\left(1\right)}=\frac{1}{3}.$$
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