Thomas' Calculus 13th Edition

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32187-896-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32187-896-0

Chapter 11: Parametric Equations and Polar Coordinates - Section 11.6 - Conic Sections - Exercises 11.6 - Page 679: 62

Answer

This is an ellipse, with the major axis on the $y$-axis: the center is $(0,-3)$ the foci are $(0, -3\pm\sqrt{3})$ the vertices are $(0,0)$ and $(0,-6)$

Work Step by Step

We group like terms $9x^{2}+(6y^{2}+36y)=0$ $9x^{2}+6(y^{2}+6y)=0 \quad $ We complete the square $9x^{2}+6(y^{2}+6y+3^{2})=6(3^{2})$ $9x^{2}+6(y+3)^{2}=54\quad $ Divide with $54$: $\displaystyle \frac{x^{2}}{6}+\frac{(y+3)^{2}}{9}=1$ This has the form $\quad \displaystyle \frac{x^{2}}{b^{2}}+\frac{y^{2}}{a^{2}}=1 \quad (a\gt b)$ Foci on the y-axis$,\quad a=3,\quad b=\sqrt{6}$ Center-to-focus distance: $\quad c=\sqrt{a^{2}-b^{2}}=\sqrt{9-6}=\sqrt{3}$ Foci: $(0, \pm\sqrt{3})$ Vertices: $(0, \pm 3)$ When $y$ is replaced with $(y+3)$, a shift downward is made. $(x,y)\rightarrow(x,y-3)$ (No horizontal shift $\Rightarrow$ the main axis remains on the y-axis.) The center shifts to $(0,0-3)=(0,-3)$ The foci shift to $(0, -3\pm\sqrt{3})$ The vertices shift to $(0, -3\pm 3)\Rightarrow (0,0)$ and $(0,-6)$
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