Calculus: Early Transcendentals 9th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1337613924
ISBN 13: 978-1-33761-392-7

Chapter 7 - Section 7.8 - Improper Integrals - 7.8 Exercises - Page 550: 14

Answer

Diverges

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & \int_{ - \infty }^{ - 3} {\frac{x}{{4 - {x^2}}}} dx \cr & {\text{Using the definition of improper integrals }} \cr & \underbrace {\int_{ - \infty }^b {f\left( x \right)dx = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{t \to - \infty } } \int_t^b {f\left( x \right)} dx}_ \Downarrow \cr & \int_{ - \infty }^{ - 3} {\frac{x}{{4 - {x^2}}}} dx = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{t \to - \infty } \int_t^{ - 3} {\frac{x}{{4 - {x^2}}}} dx \cr & {\text{Rewrite the integrand}} \cr & = - \frac{1}{2}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{t \to - \infty } \int_t^{ - 3} {\frac{{ - 2x}}{{4 - {x^2}}}} dx \cr & {\text{Integrate}} \cr & = - \frac{1}{2}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{t \to - \infty } \left[ {\ln \left| {4 - {x^2}} \right|} \right]_t^{ - 3} \cr & = - \frac{1}{2}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{t \to - \infty } \left[ {\ln \left| {4 - {{\left( { - 3} \right)}^2}} \right| - \ln \left| {4 - {t^2}} \right|} \right] \cr & = - \frac{1}{2}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{t \to - \infty } \left[ {\ln \left( 5 \right) - \ln \left| {4 - {t^2}} \right|} \right] \cr & {\text{Evaluate the limit when }}t \to - \infty \cr & = - \frac{1}{2}\left[ {\ln \left( 5 \right) - \infty } \right] \cr & = \infty \cr & {\text{Therefore}}{\text{, the integral diverges.}} \cr} $$
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