Chemistry: Molecular Approach (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0134112830
ISBN 13: 978-0-13411-283-1

Chapter 1 - Exercises - Page 41: 137

Answer

\[\begin{align} & 1\text{ J}=1\text{ kg }{{\text{m}}^{\text{2}}}\text{/}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}} \\ & \text{m}\,\,\text{=}\,\,\text{kg,}\,\,{{\text{v}}^{\text{2}}}\,=\,{{\left( \text{m/s} \right)}^{2}},\text{thus,mv}\,\,\text{=}\,\,\text{kg}\,{{\text{m}}^{\text{2}}}\,{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}} \\ & \text{P}\,\,\text{=}\,\,\text{N/}{{\text{m}}^{2}}\,=\,\,\text{kg}\,\,\text{m/}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{/}{{\text{m}}^{\text{2}}}\,=\,\,\text{kg/m}\ {{\text{s}}^{{}}} \\ & \text{V}\,\,\text{=}\,\,{{\text{m}}^{3}}\,,\,\text{PV}\,\,=\,\text{kg}\,\,{{\text{m}}^{3}}/\text{m}{{\text{s}}^{2}}\,\,=\,\,\text{kg}\,{{\text{m}}^{\text{2}}}\text{/}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}} \\ \end{align}\]

Work Step by Step

The SI unit of energy is Joule (J). \[1\text{ J}=1\text{ kg }{{\text{m}}^{\text{2}}}\text{/}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\] Now, \[E=\frac{1}{2}m{{v}^{2}}\]. The SI unit of mass is kilogram and velocity is \[\text{m/s}\]. Thus, \[\begin{align} & \frac{1}{2}m{{v}^{2}}=\text{kg }{{\left( \text{m/s} \right)}^{2}} \\ & =\text{kg }{{\text{m}}^{\text{2}}}\text{/}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}} \end{align}\] The SI unit of pressure is calculated as follows: \[\begin{align} & P=\frac{F}{A} \\ & =\frac{ma}{A} \end{align}\] The SI unit of mass is kg, acceleration is \[\text{m/}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\], and area is \[{{\text{m}}^{2}}\]. Thus, \[\begin{align} & \frac{ma}{A}=\frac{\text{kg}\left( \text{m/}{{\text{s}}^{2}} \right)}{{{\text{m}}^{2}}} \\ & =\text{kg/(m }{{\text{s}}^{2}}) \end{align}\] Similarly, \[E=\frac{3}{2}PV\]. The SI unit of pressure is \[\text{kg/(m}\ {{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}})\] and volume is \[{{\text{m}}^{3}}\]. Thus, \[\begin{align} & \frac{3}{2}PV=\left( \text{kg/(m}\ {{\text{s}}^{2}}) \right)\left( {{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}} \right) \\ & =\text{kg }{{\text{m}}^{\text{2}}}\text{/}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}} \end{align}\] The derived SI units of both these terms are those of energy.
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