Thomas' Calculus 13th Edition

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32187-896-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32187-896-0

Chapter 9: First-Order Differential Equations - Section 9.2 - First-Order Linear Equations - Exercises 9.2 - Page 537: 17

Answer

$y=-\dfrac{\cos \theta}{\theta}+\dfrac{\pi}{2\theta}$

Work Step by Step

Here, we have $y'+\dfrac{1}{\theta}y=\dfrac{\sin \theta}{\theta}$ The integrating factor is: $I=e^{\int \frac{1}{\theta} d\theta}=\theta$ Now, $\theta[y'+\dfrac{1}{\theta}y]=\theta[\dfrac{\sin \theta}{\theta}]$ This gives: $\int [y\theta]' dt=\int (\dfrac{\sin \theta}{\theta})(\theta) d\theta$ $\implies (y)(\theta)=-(\cos \theta)+c$ Next, apply the initial conditions in the above equation, we have $(1)(\dfrac{\pi}{2})=-\cos(\dfrac{\pi}{2})+c$ or, $c=\dfrac{\pi}{2}$ Thus, $(y)(\theta)=-(\cos \theta)+\dfrac{\pi}{2}$ Hence, $y=-\dfrac{\cos \theta}{\theta}+\dfrac{\pi}{2\theta}$
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