Calculus with Applications (10th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321749006
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-900-0

Chapter 7 - Integration - Chapter Review - Review Exercises - Page 418: 59

Answer

$${\text{A}} = \frac{{13}}{3}$$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & f\left( x \right) = \sqrt {4x - 3} {\text{ on the interval }}\left[ {1,3} \right] \cr & {\text{The area between two curves is defined by }}\int_a^b {\left[ {f\left( x \right) - g\left( x \right)} \right]} dx \cr & {\text{where }}f{\text{ and }}g{\text{ are continuous functions and }}f\left( x \right) \geqslant g\left( x \right){\text{ on }}\left[ {a,b} \right]{\text{for this exercise }} \cr & g\left( x \right) = 0{\text{ }}\left( {x{\text{ - axis}}} \right){\text{ and the interval }}\left[ {1,3} \right]{\text{ implies that }}a = 1{\text{ and }}b = 3 \cr & {\text{then}} \cr & {\text{A}} = \int_1^3 {\left[ {\sqrt {4x - 3} - 0} \right]} dx \cr & {\text{A}} = \int_1^3 {\sqrt {4x - 3} } dx \cr & {\text{use substitution}}{\text{. Let }}u = 4x - 3,{\text{ so that }}du = 4dx,\,\,\,\,\frac{1}{4}du = dx \cr & {\text{the new limits on }}u{\text{ are found as follows}} \cr & \,\,\,\,\,\,{\text{If }}x = 3,{\text{ then }}u = 4\left( 3 \right) - 3 = 9 \cr & \,\,\,\,\,\,{\text{If }}x = 1,{\text{ then }}u = 4\left( 1 \right) - 3 = 1 \cr & {\text{Then}} \cr & {\text{A}} = \int_1^3 {\sqrt {4x - 3} } dx = \int_1^9 {\sqrt u \left( {\frac{1}{4}du} \right)} \cr & {\text{A}} = \frac{1}{4}\int_1^9 {\sqrt u } du \cr & {\text{write }}\sqrt u {\text{ as }}{u^{1/2}} \cr & {\text{A}} = \frac{1}{4}\int_1^9 {{u^{1/2}}} du \cr & {\text{use }}\int_a^b {{u^n}} du = \left( {\frac{{{u^{n + 1}}}}{{n + 1}}} \right)_a^b \cr & {\text{A}} = \frac{1}{4}\left( {\frac{{{u^{3/2}}}}{{3/2}}} \right)_1^9 \cr & {\text{A}} = \frac{1}{4}\left( {\frac{{2{u^{3/2}}}}{3}} \right)_1^9 \cr & {\text{A}} = \frac{1}{6}\left( {{u^{3/2}}} \right)_1^9 \cr & {\text{use fundamental theorem of calculus }}\int_a^b {f\left( x \right)} dx = F\left( b \right) - F\left( a \right).\,\,\,\,\left( {{\text{see page 388}}} \right) \cr & {\text{A}} = \frac{1}{6}\left( {{9^{3/2}} - {1^{3/2}}} \right) \cr & {\text{simplifying}} \cr & {\text{A}} = \frac{1}{6}\left( {26} \right) \cr & {\text{A}} = \frac{{13}}{3} \cr} $$
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