Calculus: Early Transcendentals 8th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1285741552
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-155-0

Chapter 4 - Section 4.2 - The Mean Value Theorem - 4.2 Exercises - Page 292: 29

Answer

$sin~x \lt x~~$ if $~~0 \lt x \lt 2\pi$

Work Step by Step

Let $f(x) = sin~x-x$ Then $f'(x) = cos~x-1$ Note that $f'(x) \lt 0$ on the interval $(0,2\pi)$ 1. $f$ is continuous on the interval $[0,2\pi]$ 2. $f$ is differentiable on the interval $(0,2\pi)$ $f$ satisfies the hypotheses of the Mean Value Theorem on the interval $[0,2\pi]$ Choose any number $b$ in the interval $(0,2\pi)$ According to the Mean Value Theorem Theorem, there is a number $c$ in the interval $(0,b)$ such that $f'(c) = \frac{f(b)-f(0)}{b-0}$ Then: $f'(c) = \frac{f(b)-f(0)}{b-0} \lt 0$ $f(b)-f(0) \lt 0$ $(sin~b-b)-(sin~0-0) \lt 0$ $(sin~b-b)-(0) \lt 0$ $sin~b-b \lt 0$ $sin~b \lt b$ Therefore, since the number $b$ was chosen arbitrarily from the interval $(0,2\pi)$, $~~sin~x \lt x~~$ if $~~0 \lt x \lt 2\pi$
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