Calculus 8th Edition

Published by Cengage
ISBN 10: 1285740629
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-062-1

Chapter 9 - Differential Equations - 9.5 Linear Equations - 9.5 Exercises - Page 665: 18

Answer

$$ y=\frac{x}{2}\ln x-\frac{x}{4}+\frac{1}{4x}$$

Work Step by Step

Given $$x y^{\prime}+y=x \ln x, \quad y(1)=0$$ Rewriting the equation as $$ y^{\prime}+\frac{1}{x} y= \ln x $$ Since the equation is linear and $p(x)= \frac{1}{x} $ and $q(x)=\ln x$, then \begin{align*} \mu &=e^{\int p(x)}dx\\ &= e^{\int \frac{1}{x} dx}\\ &=e^{\ln x}\\ &=x \end{align*} Hence the general solution given by \begin{align*} \mu(x)y&=\int \mu(x)q(x)dx\\ x y&= \int x \ln x dx\ \ \ , \ \text{Integrate by parts }\\ &=\frac{x^2}{2}\ln x-\frac{x^2}{4}+C \end{align*} Then $$ y=\frac{x}{2}\ln x-\frac{x}{4}+\frac{C}{x}$$ Since $y(1)=0 $, then $C= \frac{1}{4}$, hence $$ y=\frac{x}{2}\ln x-\frac{x}{4}+\frac{1}{4x}$$
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