Calculus (3rd Edition)

Published by W. H. Freeman
ISBN 10: 1464125260
ISBN 13: 978-1-46412-526-3

Chapter 5 - The Integral - 5.1 Approximating and Computing Area - Exercises - Page 236: 43

Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Work Step by Step

Given $$ \lim _{N \rightarrow \infty} \sum_{i=1}^{N} \frac{i}{N^{2}}$$ Since \begin{align} \sum_{j=1}^{N} j&=1+2+\cdots+N=\frac{N(N+1)}{2} \tag{1}\\ \sum_{j=1}^{N} j^{2}&=1^{2}+2^{2}+\cdots+N^{2}=\frac{N(N+1)(2 N+1)}{6} \tag{2}\\ \sum_{j=1}^{N} j^{3}&=1^{3}+2^{3}+\cdots+N^{3}=\frac{N^{2}(N+1)^{2}}{4} \tag{3} \end{align} Then \begin{aligned} \lim _{N \rightarrow \infty} \sum_{i=1}^{N} \frac{i}{N^{2}} &= \frac{1}{N^{2}}\lim _{N \rightarrow \infty} \sum_{i=1}^{N}i,\ \ \text{Use (1)}\\ &=\lim _{N \rightarrow \infty} \frac{1}{N^{2}}\left(\frac{N(N+1)}{2}\right) \\ &=\lim _{N \rightarrow \infty} \frac{(N+1)}{2 N}\\ &=\frac{1}{2} \end{aligned}
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