Calculus (3rd Edition)

Published by W. H. Freeman
ISBN 10: 1464125260
ISBN 13: 978-1-46412-526-3

Chapter 17 - Line and Surface Integrals - Chapter Review Exercises - Page 971: 33

Answer

${\bf{F}} = \nabla f = \left( {y{{\rm{e}}^z},x{{\rm{e}}^z},xy{{\rm{e}}^z}} \right)$ (a) $\mathop \smallint \limits_C^{} {\bf{F}}\cdot{\rm{d}}{\bf{r}} = 2$ (b) $\mathop \smallint \limits_C^{} {\bf{F}}\cdot{\rm{d}}{\bf{r}} = 0$

Work Step by Step

We have $f\left( {x,y,z} \right) = xy{{\rm{e}}^z}$. So, ${\bf{F}} = \nabla f = \left( {\frac{{\partial f}}{{\partial x}},\frac{{\partial f}}{{\partial y}},\frac{{\partial f}}{{\partial z}}} \right) = \left( {y{{\rm{e}}^z},x{{\rm{e}}^z},xy{{\rm{e}}^z}} \right)$ (a) Since there is a function $f\left( {x,y,z} \right) = xy{{\rm{e}}^z}$ such that ${\bf{F}} = \nabla f = \left( {y{{\rm{e}}^z},x{{\rm{e}}^z},xy{{\rm{e}}^z}} \right)$, by definition, ${\bf{F}}$ is conservative. Thus, the line integral of ${\bf{F}}$ along any curve from $\left( {1,1,0} \right)$ to $\left( {3,{\rm{e}}, - 1} \right)$ depends only on the endpoints, that is $\mathop \smallint \limits_C^{} {\bf{F}}\cdot{\rm{d}}{\bf{r}} = f\left( {3,{\rm{e}}, - 1} \right) - f\left( {1,1,0} \right) = 3 - 1 = 2$ So, $\mathop \smallint \limits_C^{} {\bf{F}}\cdot{\rm{d}}{\bf{r}} = 2$. (b) From part (a) we know that ${\bf{F}}$ is conservative. Since the circulation is around a closed curve, by Theorem 1 of Section 17.3: $\mathop \smallint \limits_C^{} {\bf{F}}\cdot{\rm{d}}{\bf{r}} = 0$
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