Calculus, 10th Edition (Anton)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47064-772-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47064-772-1

Chapter 4 - Integration - Chapter 4 Review Exercises - Page 344: 49

Answer

$\text{See explanation.}$

Work Step by Step

$\text{The given function is}$ \begin{align} F(x) = \int_0^x \frac{1}{1+t^2} \ dt + \int_0^{\frac{1}{x}} \frac{1}{1+t^2} \ dt \end{align} $\text{Let us differentiate the given function:}$ \begin{align} F'(x) = \left(\arctan x + \arctan {\frac{1}{x}} \right)' \end{align} $\text{We know that the derivative of $\arctan x$ is $\frac{1}{1+x^2}$}$. $\text{So let us find the derivative of $\arctan {\frac{1}{x}}$ by considering u=$\frac{1}{x} $:}$ \begin{align} u = \frac{1}{x} \Rrightarrow du = -\frac{1}{x^2} \ dx \ and \ u^2 = \frac{1}{x^2} \end{align} $\text{Therefore:}$ \begin{align} \left(\arctan {\frac{1}{x}} \right)' = \frac{-\frac{1}{x^2}}{1+\frac{1}{x^2}} = - \frac{1}{1+x^2} \end{align} $\text{Finally, we can show that the function F(x) is constant:}$ \begin{align} F'(x) = \left(\arctan x + \arctan {\frac{1}{x}} \right)' = \frac{1}{1+x^2} - \frac{1}{1+x^2} = 0 \end{align} $\text{Thus, the F(x) is constant on (0, +$\infty$) because its derivative is zero}$
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