Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 8 - Linear Differential Equations of Order n - 8.7 The Variation of Parameters Method - Problems - Page 556: 1

Answer

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Work Step by Step

Given: $y''-6y'+9y=4e^{3x}\ln x$ In this case, the auxiliary polynomial of the associated homogeneous equation is $P(r) = r^2 − 6r + 9r =0\\ \rightarrow (r-3)^2=0$ so that three linearly independent solutions are: $y_1(x)=e^{3x}\\ y_2(x)=xe^{3x}$ A particular solution is: $y_p(x)=e^{3x}u_1(x)+xe^{3x}u_2(x)$ where $u_1,u_2$ satisfy the form: $e^{3x}u_1'(x)+xe^{3x}u_2'(x)=0\\ (e^{3x})^2u_1'(x)+(xe^{3x})^2u_2'(x)=0$ Consequently $u_1'(x)=-xu_2'(x)\\ u_2'(x)=4 \ln x$ By integrating, we obtain $u_2(x)=4\int \ln x dx=4(x\cos x-x)+C_1$ $u_1'(x)=-xu_2'(x)=-4x\ln x \rightarrow u_1=\int -4x\ln x dx=-2x^2\ln x+x^2+C_2$ where $C_1,C_2$ are integration constants. The general solution to the given differential equation is therefore: $y(x)=(-2x^2 \ln x+x^2+C_2)e^{3x}+xe^{3x}(4x \ln x -x+C_1)\\ =e^{3x}(2x^2\ln x+C_1x+C_2)$
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