Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 4 - Vector Spaces - 4.11 Chapter Review - Additional Problems - Page 336: 23

Answer

See below

Work Step by Step

Given: $V=M_{3\times 2}(R)\\ S=\{\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \\ e &f \end{bmatrix}\in M_{3\times 2}(R):a+b=c+f,a-c=e-f-d\}$ We can see $O=\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix} \in W$, hence $W$ is nonempty (1) Let $A=\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \\ e &f \end{bmatrix}\\B=\begin{bmatrix} a' & b' \\ c' & d' \\ e' &f' \end{bmatrix}$ then $A+B=\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \\ e &f \end{bmatrix}+\begin{bmatrix} a' & b' \\ c' & d' \\ e' &f' \end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} a+a' & b+b' \\ c+c' & d+d' \\ e+e' &f+f' \end{bmatrix}\\ \rightarrow A+B\in W$ Hence, $A+B$ is closed under addition multiplication (2) Let $k$ be a scalar Obtain $k\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \\ e &f \end{bmatrix}\\ =k(a+b)=k(c+f)$ and $k(a-c)=k(e-f-d)$ $\rightarrow ka+kb=kc+kf$ or $ka-kc=ke-kf-kd$ $\rightarrow kA=\begin{bmatrix} ka & kb \\ kc & kd \\ ke &kf \end{bmatrix} \in W$ Hence, $kA$ is closed under scalar multiplication (3) From (1)(2)(3), $W$ is a subspace of $M_{2\times 3}$
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