Answer
a) x=0
b) x=0
c) There are two solutions, x = 0 and x = 1
d) There are no solutions
Work Step by Step
a) Since (x · 1 = x), the only solution is x = 0.
b) Since (x + x = x) i.e. 0 + 0 = 0 and 1 + 1 = 1, the only solution is x = 0.
c) Since this equation holds for all x, there are two solutions, x = 0 and x = 1.
d) Since either x or (inverted)x must be 0, no matter what x is, there are no solutions.