Answer
See explanation.
Work Step by Step
The period of a simple pendulum is $T=2 \pi\sqrt{\frac{L}{g}}$.
a. Accelerating the elevator upward effectively increases the perceived g, the acceleration due to gravity, inside the elevator. This decreases the period T.
b. With zero acceleration, the perceived g, the acceleration due to gravity, is unchanged inside the elevator. This doesn’t affect the period T.
c. Accelerating the elevator downward effectively decreases the perceived g, the acceleration due to gravity, inside the elevator. This increases the period T.
d. Accelerating the elevator downward at g effectively decreases the perceived g to zero inside the elevator. Under these “weightless” conditions a pendulum would not work.
