Physics: Principles with Applications (7th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32162-592-7
ISBN 13: 978-0-32162-592-2

Chapter 12 - Sound - General Problems - Page 357: 78

Answer

The high-tension string has about $7\%$ more tension.

Work Step by Step

Relate the frequency f, length L, tension $F_T$, and mass per unit length, $\mu$. $$f=\frac{v}{2L}=\frac{1}{2L}\sqrt{\frac{F_T}{\mu}}$$ The mass per unit length is the density multiplied by the cross-sectional area. $$f=\frac{1}{2L}\sqrt{\frac{F_T}{\rho\pi r^2}}$$ Solve for the tension. $$F_T=4L^2\rho f^2\pi r^2$$ Take the ratio of high (H) to low (L) tensions. $$\frac{F_{T,high}}{F_{T,low}}=\frac{4L^2\rho f^2\pi r_H^2}{4L^2\rho f^2\pi r_L^2}$$ The 2 strings are tuned to the same frequency, they have the same length, and the nylon density is the same. $$\frac{F_{T,high}}{F_{T,low}}=\frac{ r_H^2}{ r_L^2}=\frac{ d_H^2}{ d_L^2}$$ $$\frac{F_{T,high}}{F_{T,low}}=\frac{ (0.724mm)^2}{ (0.699mm)^2}=1.07$$ The high-tension string has about $7\%$ more tension.
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