Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 6 - Dynamics I: Motion Along a Line - Exercises and Problems - Page 164: 57

Answer

$36.8\;\rm m/s$

Work Step by Step

He will reach his terminal speed when the net force exerted on him in the $x$-direction became zero. First, let's draw the force diagram of our system [the skier+skis], as you see below. Thus, $$\sum F_x=mg\sin40^\circ -D-f_k=0$$ $$mg\sin40^\circ -D-f_k=0\tag 1$$ We know that the drag force is given by $D=\frac{1}{2}C\rho A v^2$ and for the terminal speed, $$D=\frac{1}{2}C\rho A v_T^2\tag 2$$ We also know that the kinetic friction force is given by $$f_k=\mu_k F_n\tag 3$$ We can find the normal force by applying Newton's second law in the $y$-direction. $$\sum F_y=F_n-mg\cos40^\circ=0 $$ Thus, $$F_n=mg\cos40^\circ$$ Plug into (3); $$f_k=\mu_kmg\cos40^\circ \tag 4$$ Plugging (2), and (4) into (1) and then solving for $v_T$; $$mg\sin40^\circ -\frac{1}{2}C\rho A v_T^2-\mu_kmg\cos40^\circ =0 $$ $$mg\sin40^\circ -\mu_kmg\cos40^\circ = \frac{1}{2}C\rho A v_T^2 $$ $$\dfrac{mg\sin40^\circ -\mu_kmg\cos40^\circ}{ \frac{1}{2}C\rho A} = v_T^2 $$ $$v_T =\sqrt{\dfrac{2mg\left[\sin40^\circ -\mu_k \cos40^\circ\right]}{ C\rho A} }$$ Plugging the known; $$v_T =\sqrt{\dfrac{2\cdot 80\cdot 9.8\left[\sin40^\circ -0.06 \cos40^\circ\right]}{ 0.8\cdot 1.2\cdot 1.8\cdot 0.4} }$$ $$v_T =\color{red}{\bf 36.8}\;\rm m/s$$
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