Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 26 - The Electric Field - Exercises and Problems - Page 776: 26

Answer

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Work Step by Step

$$\color{blue}{\bf [a]}$$ We know that the plane bisects the dipole which means that the plane is perpendicular to the dipole. The author told us that the distance between the charge $Q$ and the dipole is much greater than the length of the dipole itself ($r\gt\gt s$). So, from all of that, the electric field exerted by the dipole on the position of the charge $Q$ is given by $$E_{dipole}= \dfrac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_0}\dfrac{p}{r^3} $$ where $p=qs$ $$E_{dipole}= \dfrac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_0}\dfrac{qs}{r^3} \tag 1$$ And hence, the force exerted by the dipole on the charge is given by $$F=QE_{dipole}= \dfrac{Q}{4\pi \epsilon_0}\dfrac{qs}{r^3}$$ According to Newton's third law, the force exerted by the charge $Q$ on the dipole is equal in magnitude to the force exerted by the dipole on the charge $Q$. $$\boxed{F_{\rm on\;dipole}= \dfrac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_0}\dfrac{Qqs}{r^3}}$$ And its direction is in the same direction of the dipole momentum $\vec p$. $$\color{blue}{\bf [b]}$$ We know that the torque is given by $$\tau=pE\sin\theta$$ We know that the electric field exerted on the dipole by the charge which is on a plane that is perpendicular to the dipole is also perpendicular the to the dipole. Thus $\theta=90^\circ\rightarrow\sin\theta=1$ $$\tau=pE =qsE_{\rm charge}$$ where $E_{\rm charge}$ is the electric field exerted by the charge on the middle of the dipole which is given by $kQ/r^2$. Thus, $$\tau_{\rm on\;dipole} =qs \left[\dfrac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_0}\dfrac{Q}{r^2}\right]$$ $$\boxed{\tau_{\rm on\;dipole} =\dfrac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_0}\dfrac{Qqs}{r^2}}$$
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