Answer
See the explanation
Work Step by Step
Use the localized electron model to describe the bonding in $H_{2}CO$ (carbon is the central atom).
In the localized electron model, the bonding in $H_{2}CO$ (formaldehyde) can be described as follows:
The carbon atom in the center has four valence electrons. It forms three covalent bonds: two single bonds with the hydrogen atoms and one double bond with the oxygen atom.
The two hydrogen atoms each contribute one electron to form the single bonds with the carbon atom, resulting in a total of two shared electron pairs between the carbon and hydrogen atoms.
The oxygen atom contributes six valence electrons. It forms a double bond with the carbon atom, resulting in a total of four shared electron pairs between the carbon and oxygen atoms.
The final structure can be represented as:
O
||
C
/ \
H H
The carbon atom is sp2 hybridized, with one unhybridized p orbital participating in the double bond with the oxygen atom.
