Answer
(c) Facilitated diffusion (a) Osmosis (g) Simple diffusion (b) Passive transport (f) Active transport (e) Hypotonic solution (h) Isotonic solution (d) Hypertonic solution
Work Step by Step
The following are the mechanisms by which substances move across membranes and their description:
Facilitated diffusion- Passive diffusion down a concentration gradient and across a membrane with the aid of special pores or carrier molecules;
Osmosis- Diffusion in which water molecules diffuse across a selectively permeable membrane;
Simple diffusion - Net movement of particles from a region of higher to lower concentration;
Passive transport- Movement of substances down a concentration gradient with no expenditure of energy;
Active transport - Requires ATP energy to move molecules and ions against their concentration gradient;
Hypotonic solution- Fluid environment surrounding cells that contains a lower concentration of a dissolved substance, causing cells to burst;
Isotonic solution- Fluid environment surrounding cells that contains an equal concentration of a dissolved substance, causing no change in cell volume;
Hypertonic solution- Fluid environment surrounding cells that contains a higher concentration of a dissolved substance, causing cells to shrink.
