Thinking Mathematically (6th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321867327
ISBN 13: 978-0-32186-732-2

Chapter 5 - Number Theory and the Real Number System - 5.3 The Rational Numbers - Exercise Set 5.3 - Page 285: 112

Answer

The quotient of two rational numbers of the form \[\frac{a}{b}\]and \[\frac{c}{d}\] can be written as a product of one rational number with the reciprocal of another. This can be shown as follows: \[\frac{a}{b}\div \frac{c}{d}=\frac{a}{b}\times \frac{d}{c}\] The quotient of the two rational numbers thus gives: \[\begin{align} & \frac{169}{30}\div \frac{13}{15}=\frac{169}{30}\times \frac{15}{13} \\ & =\frac{13\times 13\times 15}{15\times 2\times 13} \\ & =\frac{13}{2} \end{align}\] Two rational numbers \[\frac{a}{b}\]and \[\frac{c}{d}\] can be added by first finding the least common multiple of their denominators also known as least common denominator. The rational numbers are then multiplied by a rational number of the form \[\frac{e}{e}\] so that the denominator of both the rational numbers becomes the least common denominators as found earlier. The least common denominator of the rational numbers \[\frac{169}{30},\frac{13}{15}\]is \[30\]. Thus, the addition of two rational numbers can be shown as, \[\begin{align} & \frac{169}{30}+\frac{13}{15}=\frac{169}{30}\times \frac{1}{1}+\frac{13}{15}\times \frac{2}{2} \\ & =\frac{169+13\times 2}{30} \\ & =\frac{195}{30} \\ & =\frac{13}{2} \end{align}\] We conclude that \[\frac{169}{30}+\frac{13}{15}\] and \[\frac{169}{30}\div \frac{13}{15}\]give the same answer.
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