Thinking Mathematically (6th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321867327
ISBN 13: 978-0-32186-732-2

Chapter 4 - Number Representation and Calculation - 4.3 Computation in Positional Systems - Exercise Set 4.3 - Page 234: 32

Answer

The multiplication of two given numbers in base six is, \[{{4443}_{\text{six}}}\].

Work Step by Step

Since, the computation involves base six, the only digits which are allowed are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. The procedure to multiply two numbers in base sixis same as in base ten. \[{{543}_{\text{six}}}\] \[\underline{\times {{5}_{\text{six}}}}\] Hence, first multiply \[{{5}_{\text{six}}}\] with \[{{3}_{\text{six}}}\], which is above it in first column: \[{{5}_{\text{six}}}\times {{3}_{\text{six}}}={{15}_{\text{ten}}}=\left( 2\times 6 \right)+\left( 3\times 1 \right)={{23}_{\text{six}}}\] Now, write 3 in the first column below the horizontal line and carry 2 to the second column: \[5\overset{2}{\mathop{4}}\,{{3}_{\text{six}}}\] \[\underline{\times {{5}_{\text{six}}}}\] \[{{3}_{\text{six}}}\] Now, multiply \[{{5}_{\text{six}}}\] with \[{{4}_{\text{six}}}\], which is in the second column, and add \[{{2}_{\text{six}}}\] to the product: \[\left( {{5}_{\text{six}}}\times {{4}_{\text{six}}} \right)+{{2}_{\text{six}}}=20+2={{22}_{\text{ten}}}=\left( 3\times 6 \right)+\left( 4\times 1 \right)={{34}_{\text{six}}}\] Now, write 4 in the second column below the horizontal line and carry 3 to the third column: \[\overset{3}{\mathop{5}}\,{{43}_{\text{six}}}\] \[\underline{\times {{5}_{\text{six}}}}\] \[{{43}_{\text{six}}}\] Now, multiply \[{{5}_{\text{six}}}\] with \[{{5}_{\text{six}}}\], which is in the third column, and add \[{{3}_{\text{six}}}\] to the product: \[\left( {{5}_{\text{six}}}\times {{5}_{\text{six}}} \right)+{{3}_{\text{six}}}=25+3={{28}_{\text{ten}}}=\left( 4\times 6 \right)+\left( 4\times 1 \right)={{44}_{\text{six}}}\] Write \[{{44}_{\text{six}}}\] in front of \[{{43}_{\text{six}}}\] below the horizontal line: \[{{543}_{\text{six}}}\] \[\underline{\times {{5}_{\text{six}}}}\] \[{{4443}_{\text{six}}}\] Now, to check whether the above obtained solution is correct, perform the multiplication by converting each number to base ten: \[{{543}_{\text{six}}}=207\], \[{{5}_{\text{six}}}=5\] and \[{{4443}_{\text{six}}}=1035\] Since, \[207\times 5\] indeed equals 1035, the solution obtained is correct. Hence, the multiplication of two given numbers in base six is, \[{{4443}_{\text{six}}}\].
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