University Calculus: Early Transcendentals (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321999584
ISBN 13: 978-0-32199-958-0

Chapter 4 - Section 4.3 - Monotonic Functions and the First Derivative Test - Exercises - Page 229: 39

Answer

(a) Increasing on $(-\displaystyle \infty, \frac{-2}{\sqrt{7}})\cup(\frac{2}{\sqrt{7}}, \infty)$ Decreasing on $(\displaystyle \frac{-2}{\sqrt{7}},0)\cup(0,\frac{2}{\sqrt{7}})$ (b) No absolute maximum. Local maximum: $(-\displaystyle \frac{2}{\sqrt{7}}, 3.123)$ No absolute minimum. Local minimum: $(\displaystyle \frac{2}{\sqrt{7}},-3.123).$

Work Step by Step

$h(x)=x^{7/3}-4x^{1/3}$ $h$ is defined everywhere $h'(x)=\displaystyle \frac{7}{3}x^{4/3}- \displaystyle \frac{4}{3}x^{-2/3}=\frac{1}{3x^{2/3}}(7x^{2}-4)$ $h'(x)=\displaystyle \frac{(x\sqrt{7}+2)(x\sqrt{7}-2)}{3x^{2/3}}$ $h'$ is not defined at $ x=0\qquad$ ... critical point. $h'(x)=0$ for $x=\displaystyle \frac{\pm 2}{\sqrt{7}}\approx\pm 0.756$ ... critical points. $ h(\displaystyle \frac{-2}{\sqrt{7}})\approx 3.123 \qquad h(0)=0, \displaystyle \qquad h(\frac{-2}{\sqrt{7}})\approx-3.123$ Using testpoints in the intervals between critical points, $h'(-8)=37 \gt 0$ $h'(-0.5)=-1.1905... \lt 0$ $h'(0.5)=-1.1905... \lt 0$ $h'(8)=37 \gt 0$ Tabular view: $\begin{array}{l} h':\\ \\ \\ h: \end{array} \begin{array}{ccccccccc} -\infty & & -\frac{2}{\sqrt{7}} & & 0 & & \frac{2}{\sqrt{7}} & & \infty\\ ( & ++ & | & -- & )( & -- & & ++ & )\\ & & & & & & & & \\ & \nearrow & 3.123 & \searrow & 0 & \searrow & & \nearrow & \\ & & & & & & -3.123 & & \\ & & & & & & & & \end{array} $
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