Thomas' Calculus 13th Edition

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32187-896-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32187-896-0

Chapter 7: Transcendental Functions - Section 7.1 - Inverse Functions and Their Derivatives - Exercises 7.1 - Page 373: 53

Answer

It is a decreasing function, so it has an inverse (it is one-to-one.) $\displaystyle \frac{df^{-1}}{dx}=-\frac{1}{3}x^{-2/3}$

Work Step by Step

Take two values of x, $x_{1} \gt x_{2}\qquad $... multiply with -1 (inequality changes) $-x_{1} \lt -x_{2}\qquad $ ... add 1 $1-x_{1} \lt 1-x_{2}\qquad $... the cube function is an increasing function, $(1-x_{1})^{3} \lt (1-x_{2})^{3}$ $f(x_{1}) \lt f(x_{2})$ So f is a decreasing funtion. By Exercise 49, it is one-to-one and has an inverse. Theorem 1 provides a way to find a formula for $\displaystyle \frac{df^{-1}}{dx}$ $\displaystyle \frac{d}{dx}[f^{-1}(x)]=\frac{1}{f'[f^{-1}(x)]}$ We find $f^{-1}(x)\quad \left[\begin{array}{l} y=(1-x)^{3}\\ x=(1-y)^{3}\\ 1-y=x^{1/3}\\ -y=x^{1/3}-1\\ y=1-x^{1/3}\\ f^{-1}(x)=1-x^{1/3} \end{array}\right]\quad $ We find$ f'(x).$ $f'(x)=3(1-x)^{2}(-1)=-3(1-x)^{2}$ Calculate $f'[f^{-1}(x)]$ $f'[1-x^{1/3}]=-3(1-(1-x^{1/3}))^{2}=-3x^{2/3}$ Apply the formula: $\displaystyle \frac{d}{dx}[f^{-1}(x)]=\frac{1}{-3x^{2/3}}=-\frac{1}{3}x^{-2/3}$
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