Calculus with Applications (10th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321749006
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-900-0

Chapter 5 - Graphs and the Derivative - 5.1 Increasing and Decreasing Functions - 5.1 Exercises - Page 261: 47

Answer

$$ C(x)= 0.32 x^{2}-0.00004 x^{3} $$ $$ R(x)= 0.848 x^{2}-0.0002 x^{3} $$ First find the profit function $P(x)$ $$ \begin{aligned} P(x)=& R(x)-C(x) \\ =& 0.528 x^{2}-0.00018 x^{3}. \end{aligned} $$ The profit function is increasing on (0, 2200).

Work Step by Step

$$ C(x)= 0.32 x^{2}-0.00004 x^{3} $$ $$ R(x)= 0.848 x^{2}-0.0002 x^{3} $$ First find the profit function $P(x)$ $$ \begin{aligned} P(x)=& R(x)-C(x) \\ =&\left(0.848 x^{2}-0.0002 x^{3}\right) \\ & \quad-\left(0.32 x^{2}-0.00004 x^{3}\right) \\ =& 0.528 x^{2}-0.00018 x^{3} \end{aligned} $$ To find any intervals where this function is increasing, set $P^{\prime}(x)=0$ $$ \begin{aligned} P^{\prime}(x) &= 0.528 (2) x-0.00018 (3) x^{2} \\ &= 1.056 x-0.00048 x^{2} \\ &=x(1.056 -0.00048 x) \\ \Rightarrow\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\\\ x=0 & \text { or } x=2200 \end{aligned} $$ Now, we can use the first derivative test. Check the sign of $P^{\prime}(x)$ in the intervals: $$ (0, 2200 ), \quad ( 2200 , 3300), $$ (1) Test a number in the interval $(0, 2200 ) $ say $100$: $$ \begin{aligned} P^{\prime}(100) &=1.056 (100)-0.00048 (100)^{2} \\ &=100.8 \\ &\gt 0 \end{aligned} $$ we see that $P^{\prime}(x)$ is positive in that interval, so $P(x)$ is increasing on $(0, 2200)$. (2) Test a number in the interval $(2200, 3300 ) $ say $3000$: $$ \begin{aligned} P^{\prime}(13000) &=1.056 (3000)-0.00048 (3000)^{2} \\ &=-1152 \\ &\lt 0 \end{aligned} $$ we see that $P^{\prime}(x)$ is negative in that interval, so $P(x)$ is decreasing on $(2200 , 3300)$. So, The profit function is increasing on (0, 2200).
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