Calculus: Early Transcendentals (2nd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321947347
ISBN 13: 978-0-32194-734-5

Chapter 12 - Functions of Several Veriables - 12.5 The Chain Rule - 12.5 Exercises - Page 913: 36

Answer

$$\frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = - \frac{{2xy}}{{2{y^2} + \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right)\ln \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right)}}$$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & y\ln \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right) = 3 \cr & {\text{Let }}F\left( {x,y} \right) = y\ln \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right) - 3 = 0 \cr & {\text{Calculate the partial derivatives }}{F_x}\left( {x,y} \right){\text{ and }}{F_y}\left( {x,y} \right) \cr & {F_x}\left( {x,y} \right) = \frac{\partial }{{\partial x}}\left[ {y\ln \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right)} \right] \cr & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = y\left( {\frac{{2x}}{{{x^2} + {y^2} + 4}}} \right) \cr & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = \frac{{2xy}}{{{x^2} + {y^2} + 4}} \cr & {F_y}\left( {x,y} \right) = \frac{\partial }{{\partial y}}\left[ {y\ln \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right)} \right] \cr & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = y\left( {\frac{{2y}}{{{x^2} + {y^2} + 4}}} \right) + \ln \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right) \cr & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = \frac{{2{y^2}}}{{{x^2} + {y^2} + 4}} + \ln \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right) \cr & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = \frac{{2{y^2} + \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right)\ln \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right)}}{{{x^2} + {y^2} + 4}} \cr & {\text{Therefore,}} \cr & \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = - \frac{{{F_x}}}{{{F_y}}} = - \left( {\frac{{2xy}}{{{x^2} + {y^2} + 4}}} \right)\left( {\frac{{{x^2} + {y^2} + 4}}{{2{y^2} + \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right)\ln \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right)}}} \right) \cr & {\text{Simplifying}} \cr & \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = - \frac{{2xy}}{{2{y^2} + \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right)\ln \left( {{x^2} + {y^2} + 4} \right)}} \cr} $$
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